BIRKS GROUP INC.

Where It Passes

Where It Falls Short

• Profitability0% pass✓ 7✗ 28▾

  No clean pass — all 16 investors flag at least one profitability criterion

  Positive EPS (10 years)6/18 years positive

  ✗GrahamPositive EPS every year for 10 years

  EPS Growth (3-yr avg, 10-yr window)N/A (negative base EPS)

  ✗Graham>= 33% growth

  Net Income Positive (10+ years)6/18 years positive

  ✗BuffettPositive every year for 10+ years

  ROE (up to 5-year arithmetic mean)-80.9%

  ✗Buffett> 15% arithmetic mean (app rule)

  Operating Margin (10-yr trend)1.5% (latest)

  ✗BuffettStable or rising over 10 years

  Free Cash Flow Proxy$1.2M

  ✓BuffettPositive and growing

  Earnings Variance (10-yr CoV)N/A (negative mean EPS)

  ✗BuffettCoV < 0.3

  Retained Earnings Effectiveness

  ✗Buffett$1 retained -> > $1 market value created

  Basic earnings-growth PEG (dividends excluded)

  ✗Lynch< 1.0 (ideally < 0.5)

  3-5 Year EPS CAGR

  ✗Lynch15-30% (Fast Grower); > 0% to pass

  ROEN/A (negative equity)

  ✗Lynch> 15%

  EBIT / Enterprise Value6.7%

  ✗Greenblatt> 10%

  Earnings Yield + ROC AssessmentEY=6.7%, ROC=47.1%

  ✗GreenblattBoth EY > 10% and ROC > 25%

  Net Income / Total Assets-1.58%

  ✗PiotroskiROA > 0

  ROA Change YoY-6.54% -> -1.58% (delta: +4.95%)

  ✓PiotroskiCurrent ROA > Prior ROA

  (CFO / Total Assets) vs ROACFO/Assets=0.08%, ROA=-1.58%

  ✓PiotroskiCFO/Assets > ROA

  Gross Margin Change YoY37.3% -> 38.5%

  ✓PiotroskiImproved YoY

  Pre-Tax Income / Revenue-2.7%

  ✗Dreman>= 8%

  Net Income / Shareholders' Equity

  ✗Dreman> 12%

  Margin of Safety

  ✗PabraiP/B < 1.5 or P/E < 15

  Return on Equity-162.8% (3-yr avg)

  ✗AkreROE > 20% (3-year avg)

  Discount to Intrinsic ValueN/A (negative normalized EPS)

  ✗Marks>= 20% below intrinsic value

  Positive Net Income Frequency6/17 years positive

  ✗MarksPositive net income in >= 7 of last 10 years

  Operating Income / Revenue1.5%

  ✗Ackman>= 15%

  Net Income / Shareholders Equity

  ✗Ackman>= 15%

  5-Year EPS CAGR

  ✗Templeton> 0% (5-year EPS CAGR)

  Operating Margin Trend0.7% (2023) -> 1.5% (2025)

  ✓TempletonNon-negative operating-margin trend over 3 years

  Revenue growth vs. gross and operating margin trendgross margin 39.7% -> 38.5%, operating margin 0.7% -> 1.5%

  ✗SleepRevenue rising; gross margin flat or falling; operating margin holding

  Net income / market capitalization-35.54%; #4897/6340 (top 77.2%)

  ✗AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section✗OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section

  Gross profit / total assets+36.93%; #1088/3702 (top 29.4%)

  ✓AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section

  Net income / positive book equity

  ✗AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section

  Negative 5-year standard deviation of ROA-0.0240; #1654/5884 (top 28.1%)

  ✓AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section

  3-5 Year Diluted EPS CAGR-23.7% over 5 years

  ✗Neff7%-20% annualized

  Positive Diluted-EPS Years3/10 years positive

  ✗Schloss>= 70% positive over 5-10 observed years (app rule)
• Debt & Leverage0% pass✗ 15▾

  All 12 investors flag BGI's debt & leverage

  LT Debt vs Net Current AssetsLT Debt $25.8M vs NCA $-12.8M

  ✗GrahamLT Debt <= Net Current Assets

  Debt/Equity & Interest CoverageD/E: N/A (negative equity), IC: 0.4x

  ✗BuffettD/E < 0.5 AND Interest Coverage > 5x

  Total Debt / EquityN/A (negative equity)

  ✗Lynch< 0.33

  Cash - Long-term Debt$-24.8M

  ✗LynchPositive preferred

  LT Debt / Total Assets Change10.90% -> 16.70%

  ✗PiotroskiDecreased YoY

  Current Assets / Current Liabilities0.88

  ✗Dreman> 1.5✗SchlossCurrent ratio >= 1.50x (app cutoff)

  Total Debt / Shareholders' Equity

  ✗Dreman< 0.8✗Templeton< 1.0 (fixed cap; proxy for below-sector-median leverage)✗SchlossD/E < 1.00x

  Debt LevelsN/A (non-positive equity)

  ✗MungerDebt/Equity < 0.5✗AkreDebt/Equity < 0.3

  Interest Coverage & Debt/EBITDAIC=0.4x, D/EBITDA=3.7x

  ✗MarksInterest Coverage > 3x; Debt/EBITDA < 4x

  Total Debt / Shareholders Equity

  ✗Ackman<= 1.0

  Negative debt-to-equity (higher means less debt)

  ✗AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section
• Growth0% pass✓ 3✗ 10▾

  No clean pass — all 8 investors flag at least one growth criterion

  EPS Growth (3-yr avg, 10-yr window)N/A (negative base EPS)

  ✗Graham>= 33% growth

  Basic earnings-growth PEG (dividends excluded)

  ✗Lynch< 1.0 (ideally < 0.5)

  3-5 Year EPS CAGR

  ✗Lynch15-30% (Fast Grower); > 0% to pass

  Inventory Growth vs Revenue GrowthInv: -21.7% vs Rev: -16.6%

  ✓LynchInventory growth < Revenue growth

  EPS Growth Direction$-1.71 (2009) -> $-0.12 (2025)

  ✗DremanPositive over recent years

  EPS CAGR13.3% CAGR over 10 years

  ✓Dreman> 5% annualized

  Positive Net Income Frequency6/17 years positive

  ✗MarksPositive net income in >= 7 of last 10 years

  3yr Median Revenue Growth-4.0%

  ✗Ackman>= 5%

  Positive EPS Growth Frequency3/5 years with positive EPS growth

  ✓AckmanPositive EPS growth in >= 3 of last 5 years

  5-Year EPS CAGR

  ✗Templeton> 0% (5-year EPS CAGR)

  Revenue growth vs. gross and operating margin trendgross margin 39.7% -> 38.5%, operating margin 0.7% -> 1.5%

  ✗SleepRevenue rising; gross margin flat or falling; operating margin holding

  5-year Revenue CAGR0.7%

  ✗SleepCAGR > 7%

  3-5 Year Diluted EPS CAGR-23.7% over 5 years

  ✗Neff7%-20% annualized
• Verdicts7% pass✓ 1✗ 13▾

  Split decision: 13 FAIL · 3 NEUTRAL

  Overall verdict

  ✗GrahamFAIL (1/9)✗BuffettFAIL (1/9)✗LynchFAIL (1/7)✓GreenblattRank #482•PiotroskiNEUTRAL (F-Score 6)✗DremanFAIL (1/11)✗MungerFAIL (1/4)✗PabraiFAIL (0/3)✗AkreFAIL (1/6)✗MarksFAIL (0/5)✗AckmanFAIL (2/9)✗TempletonFAIL (3/8)✗SleepFAIL (1/6)•AsnessNEUTRAL (Not ranked)✗NeffFAIL (1/6)✗SchlossFAIL (0/7)•OshaughnessyNEUTRAL (Not ranked)
• Valuation8% pass✓ 3✗ 25▾

  12 of 13 flag BGI's valuation — Graham, Lynch, Greenblatt +9 more

  Price / 3-yr avg EPS

  ✗Graham<= 15x

  Price-to-Book Ratio

  ✗Graham<= 1.5x

  P/E x P/B

  ✗Graham<= 22.5

  Basic earnings-growth PEG (dividends excluded)

  ✗Lynch< 1.0 (ideally < 0.5)

  EBIT / Enterprise Value6.7%

  ✗Greenblatt> 10%

  Earnings Yield + ROC AssessmentEY=6.7%, ROC=47.1%

  ✗GreenblattBoth EY > 10% and ROC > 25%

  Price / EPS

  ✗Dreman< 12x✗Templeton< 12x (fixed ceiling; proxy for the market's cheapest 40%)

  Price / (CFO / Shares)56.2x

  ✗Dreman< 8x

  Price / Book Value per ShareN/A (negative BVPS)

  ✗Dreman< 1.2x✗Templeton< 1.5x✗SchlossP/B <= 0.80x (app cutoff)

  Valuation ReasonablenessOE Yield=17.2%

  ✓MungerP/E < 25 or Owner Earnings Yield > 5%

  P/E or FCF YieldFCF Yield=-22.2%

  ✗PabraiP/E < 15 or FCF Yield > 10%

  P/B or P/E vs. Historical Average

  ✗MarksP/E < 15 or P/B < 2.0

  Discount to Intrinsic ValueN/A (negative normalized EPS)

  ✗Marks>= 20% below intrinsic value

  Price / FCF per ShareN/A (negative FCF)

  ✗Ackman<= 25

  Price vs. Trailing Low100% of trailing low ($0.35)

  ✓Templeton<= 120% of trailing low (certified split-adjusted live window)

  Net income / market capitalization-35.54%; #4897/6340 (top 77.2%)

  ✗AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section✗OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section

  Positive book equity / market capitalization-2.2367; #6136/6449 (top 95.1%)

  ✗AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section

  Price / Diluted EPS

  ✗NeffP/E <= 15x (app proxy for a P/E 40%-60% below the market)

  (EPS CAGR % + Dividend Yield %) / P/E

  ✗Neff> 0.7 (Neff's published traditional edge)

  Price / Tangible Book Value per ShareN/A (non-positive TBVPS)

  ✗SchlossP/TBV <= 1.00x (app cutoff)

  Book Value per Share Change

  ✗SchlossLatest BVPS >= earliest BVPS over >= 3 years (app rule)

  Revenue / market capitalization+21.5026; #205/5247 (top 3.9%)

  ✓OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section

  (Operating cash flow - capex) / market capitalization-22.20%; #3552/4519 (top 78.6%)

  ✗OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section

  Trailing six-month price return through the evaluation date-48.53%; #5102/6202 (top 82.3%)

  ✗OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section
• Cash Flow20% pass✓ 3✗ 9▾

  8 of 10 flag BGI's cash flow — Lynch, Dreman, Pabrai +5 more

  Free Cash Flow Proxy$1.2M

  ✓BuffettPositive and growing

  FCF Positive and Growing$-1.5M

  ✗LynchPositive and growing

  Operating Cash Flow$0.1M

  ✓PiotroskiCFO > 0

  (CFO / Total Assets) vs ROACFO/Assets=0.08%, ROA=-1.58%

  ✓PiotroskiCFO/Assets > ROA

  Price / (CFO / Shares)56.2x

  ✗Dreman< 8x

  P/E or FCF YieldFCF Yield=-22.2%

  ✗PabraiP/E < 15 or FCF Yield > 10%

  FCF Positive6/17 years FCF positive

  ✗MarksPositive FCF in majority of recent years

  (OCF - CapEx) / Market Cap-22.2%

  ✗Ackman>= 4%

  Price / FCF per ShareN/A (negative FCF)

  ✗Ackman<= 25

  Positive Operating Cash Flow frequency9/17 years positive

  ✗SleepPositive OCF in >= 70% of available years

  Operating Cash Flow - Capital Expenditures$-1.5M

  ✗Neff> $0 (app proxy for a strong fundamental case)

  (Operating cash flow - capex) / market capitalization-22.20%; #3552/4519 (top 78.6%)

  ✗OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section
• Efficiency25% pass✓ 3✗ 8▾

  6 of 8 flag BGI's efficiency — Graham, Buffett, Dreman +3 more

  Current Ratio0.88

  ✗Graham>= 2.0

  ROIC (3-5 yr avg)-9.0%

  ✗Buffett> 10%

  ROIC - WACC-19.0%

  ✗BuffettPositive (WACC = 10%)

  EBIT / (NWC + Net Fixed Assets)47.1%

  ✓Greenblatt> 25%

  Current Ratio Change YoY0.85 -> 0.88

  ✓PiotroskiIncreased YoY

  Revenue / Total Assets Change YoY0.91x -> 0.96x

  ✓PiotroskiImproved YoY

  Current Assets / Current Liabilities0.88

  ✗Dreman> 1.5

  Return on Invested Capital14.5%

  ✗Munger> 15%

  ROIC (high and growing)FY2023: ROIC=4.4%; FY2024: ROIC=-53.2%; FY2025: ROIC=14.5%

  ✗AkreLatest 3 consecutive FYs: ROIC > 15% in each

  Reinvestment Rate x ROICN/A (non-positive net income)

  ✗AkreReinvestment Rate * ROIC > 10%

  ROIC (5-year)2/5 years above 12% (latest 14.5%)

  ✗SleepROIC > 12% in a majority of years