VODAFONE GROUP PUBLIC LTD CO

VOD

Vodafone Group Public Limited Company provides telecommunication services in Germany, the United Kingdom, rest of Europe, Turkey, and South Africa. It offers mobile and fixed services; connectivity business solutions, such as digital services, the Internet of Things (IoT) and financial services; and IoT platforms.

About the company

Price: $15.37Market Cap: $35.6B

Investment snapshot

6%positive consensus

Scored 1d ago

Positive

BUY / PASS

Neutral / negative

0 / 15

NEUTRAL / FAIL

Median fair value

$1.81

-88.2% vs price

Models with upside

0 / 17

Positive margin of safety

Strongest signal

7 of 10 pass — Lynch, Dreman and Ackman object

Key risk

No clean pass — all 16 investors flag at least one profitability criterion

Framework analysis

Verdict	Meaning
BUY	Positive purchase signal: the framework's buy requirements are met.
PASS	The company clears the framework's checklist or screen, but the framework does not produce a buy signal. For valuation frameworks this often means margin of safety is missing, insufficient, or unavailable; some screen-only frameworks have no intrinsic-value BUY state.
NEUTRAL	Neither a positive nor negative conclusion. It does not mean to hold an existing position.
FAIL	The company does not clear the framework's requirements.
Ranked	Ranked strategies do not use PASS: selected cohort is BUY, outside the cohort is FAIL, and unranked is NEUTRAL.

Current investor scores use trailing 12-month flows and the latest balance sheet where supported. Multi-year and EPS tests retain annual history; each framework shows its financial basis below. Intrinsic values use annual financials.

Metric	Graham Defensive Value	Buffett Quality Compounder	Lynch GARP	Greenblatt Magic Formula	Piotroski F-Score	Dreman Contrarian Value	Munger Quality Focus	Pabrai Dhandho Framework	Akre Three-Legged Stool	Marks Risk-Aware Value	Ackman Activist Value	Templeton Global Bargain Hunter	Sleep Scale Economies Shared	Asness Systematic Factors	Neff Low-P/E Total Return	Schloss Asset-Value Discipline	O'Shaughnessy Systematic Factor Composite
Verdict	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL	Not ranked	PASS	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL
Score
Analysis	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…
Intrinsic Value (annual)	N/A		N/A		N/A				N/A	N/A		N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Margin of Safety	N/A	-1260.2%	N/A	-692.3%	N/A	-809.5%	-237.8%	-4420.6%	N/A	N/A	-196.1%	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Financial Basis	Annual history · FY 2024 Latest source filing: 2025-06-06 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2024 Latest source filing: 2025-06-06 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2024 Latest source filing: 2025-06-06 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2024 Latest source filing: 2025-06-06 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2024 Latest source filing: 2025-06-06 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2024 · Market data at 2026-11-01 Latest source filing: 2025-06-06 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Qualitative assessment · Annual history · FY 2024 Latest source filing: 2025-06-06 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Qualitative assessment · Annual history · FY 2024 Latest source filing: 2025-06-06 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2024 · Qualitative assessment Latest source filing: 2025-06-06 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2024 · Qualitative assessment Latest source filing: 2025-06-06 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2024 · Market data at 2026-11-01 Latest source filing: 2025-06-06 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2024 · Price history 2025-01-01–2026-11-01 Latest source filing: 2025-06-06 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2024 · Qualitative assessment Latest source filing: 2025-06-06 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2024 · Price history 2025-01-01–2026-11-01 Latest source filing: 2025-06-06 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2024 Latest source filing: 2025-06-06 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2024 Latest source filing: 2025-06-06 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2024 · Price history 2025-01-01–2026-11-01 Latest source filing: 2025-06-06 Score computed: 2026-11-14

Where It Passes

Cash Flow70% pass✓ 8✗ 4▾
7 of 10 pass — Lynch, Dreman and Ackman object
Free Cash Flow Proxy$2.5B
✓BuffettPositive and growing
FCF Positive and Growing$12.0B
✗LynchPositive and growing
Operating Cash Flow$16.6B
✓PiotroskiCFO > 0
(CFO / Total Assets) vs ROACFO/Assets=11.96%, ROA=-3.24%
✓PiotroskiCFO/Assets > ROA
Price / (CFO / Shares)24.2x
✗Dreman< 8x
P/E or FCF YieldFCF Yield=33.6%
✓PabraiP/E < 15 or FCF Yield > 10%
FCF Positive10/10 years FCF positive
✓MarksPositive FCF in majority of recent years
(OCF - CapEx) / Market Cap3.0%
✗Ackman>= 4%
Price / FCF per Share33.6x
✗Ackman<= 25
Positive Operating Cash Flow frequency10/10 years positive
✓SleepPositive OCF in >= 70% of available years
Operating Cash Flow - Capital Expenditures$12.0B
✓Neff> $0 (app proxy for a strong fundamental case)
(Operating cash flow - capex) / market capitalization+33.58%; #163/4519 (top 3.6%)
✓OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section

Where It Falls Short

Profitability0% pass✓ 4✗ 31▾
No clean pass — all 16 investors flag at least one profitability criterion
Positive EPS (10 years)5/11 years positive
✗GrahamPositive EPS every year for 10 years
EPS Growth (3-yr avg, 10-yr window)
✗Graham>= 33% growth
Net Income Positive (10+ years)5/11 years positive
✗BuffettPositive every year for 10+ years
ROE (up to 5-year arithmetic mean)3.4%
✗Buffett> 15% arithmetic mean (app rule)
Operating Margin (10-yr trend)-1.1% (latest)
✓BuffettStable or rising over 10 years
Free Cash Flow Proxy$2.5B
✓BuffettPositive and growing
Earnings Variance (10-yr CoV)
✗BuffettCoV < 0.3
Retained Earnings Effectiveness
✗Buffett$1 retained -> > $1 market value created
Basic earnings-growth PEG (dividends excluded)
✗Lynch< 1.0 (ideally < 0.5)
3-5 Year EPS CAGR
✗Lynch15-30% (Fast Grower); > 0% to pass
ROE-7.9%
✗Lynch> 15%
EBIT / Enterprise Value-0.5%
✗Greenblatt> 10%
Earnings Yield + ROC AssessmentEY=-0.5%, ROC=None
✗GreenblattBoth EY > 10% and ROC > 25%
Net Income / Total Assets-3.24%
✗PiotroskiROA > 0
ROA Change YoY0.79% -> -3.24% (delta: -4.03%)
✗PiotroskiCurrent ROA > Prior ROA
(CFO / Total Assets) vs ROACFO/Assets=11.96%, ROA=-3.24%
✓PiotroskiCFO/Assets > ROA
Gross Margin Change YoY33.4% -> 33.4%
✓PiotroskiImproved YoY
Pre-Tax Income / Revenue-3.9%
✗Dreman>= 8%
Net Income / Shareholders' Equity-7.9%
✗Dreman> 12%
Margin of SafetyP/B=7.0x
✗PabraiP/B < 1.5 or P/E < 15
Return on Equity4.2% (3-yr avg)
✗AkreROE > 20% (3-year avg)
Discount to Intrinsic Value-810.7% (IV=$1.69 vs Price=$15.37)
✗Marks>= 20% below intrinsic value
Positive Net Income Frequency5/10 years positive
✗MarksPositive net income in >= 7 of last 10 years
Operating Income / Revenue-1.1%
✗Ackman>= 15%
Net Income / Shareholders Equity-7.9%
✗Ackman>= 15%
5-Year EPS CAGR
✗Templeton> 0% (5-year EPS CAGR)
Operating Margin Trend38.4% (2022) -> -1.1% (2024)
✗TempletonNon-negative operating-margin trend over 3 years
Revenue growth vs. gross and operating margin trendgross margin 35.3% -> 33.4%, operating margin 38.4% -> -1.1%
✗SleepRevenue rising; gross margin flat or falling; operating margin holding
Net income / market capitalization-12.67%; #4295/6340 (top 67.7%)
✗AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section✗OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section
Gross profit / total assets+9.74%; #2820/3702 (top 76.2%)
✗AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section
Net income / positive book equity-7.90%; #3329/5226 (top 63.7%)
✗AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section
Negative 5-year standard deviation of ROA-0.0353; #2116/5884 (top 36.0%)
✗AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section
3-5 Year Diluted EPS CAGR
✗Neff7%-20% annualized
Positive Diluted-EPS Years5/10 years positive
✗Schloss>= 70% positive over 5-10 observed years (app rule)
Debt & Leverage0% pass✗ 15▾
All 12 investors flag VOD's debt & leverage
LT Debt vs Net Current Assets
✗GrahamLT Debt <= Net Current Assets
Debt/Equity & Interest CoverageD/E: 1.01, IC: -0.2x
✗BuffettD/E < 0.5 AND Interest Coverage > 5x
Total Debt / Equity1.01
✗Lynch< 0.33
Cash - Long-term Debt$-40.3B
✗LynchPositive preferred
LT Debt / Total Assets Change34.12% -> 35.87%
✗PiotroskiDecreased YoY
Current Assets / Current Liabilities
✗Dreman> 1.5✗SchlossCurrent ratio >= 1.50x (app cutoff)
Total Debt / Shareholders' Equity1.01
✗Dreman< 0.8✗Templeton< 1.0 (fixed cap; proxy for below-sector-median leverage)✗SchlossD/E < 1.00x
Debt Levels1.01
✗MungerDebt/Equity < 0.5✗AkreDebt/Equity < 0.3
Interest Coverage & Debt/EBITDAIC=-0.2x, D/EBITDA=5.1x
✗MarksInterest Coverage > 3x; Debt/EBITDA < 4x
Total Debt / Shareholders Equity1.01
✗Ackman<= 1.0
Negative debt-to-equity (higher means less debt)-1.0075; #3235/4210 (top 76.8%)
✗AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section
Growth0% pass✗ 13▾
All 8 investors flag VOD's growth
EPS Growth (3-yr avg, 10-yr window)
✗Graham>= 33% growth
Basic earnings-growth PEG (dividends excluded)
✗Lynch< 1.0 (ideally < 0.5)
3-5 Year EPS CAGR
✗Lynch15-30% (Fast Grower); > 0% to pass
Inventory Growth vs Revenue GrowthInv: 8.9% vs Rev: 2.3%
✗LynchInventory growth < Revenue growth
EPS Growth Direction
✗DremanPositive over recent years
EPS CAGR
✗Dreman> 5% annualized
Positive Net Income Frequency5/10 years positive
✗MarksPositive net income in >= 7 of last 10 years
3yr Median Revenue Growth-0.6%
✗Ackman>= 5%
Positive EPS Growth Frequency
✗AckmanPositive EPS growth in >= 3 of last 5 years
5-Year EPS CAGR
✗Templeton> 0% (5-year EPS CAGR)
Revenue growth vs. gross and operating margin trendgross margin 35.3% -> 33.4%, operating margin 38.4% -> -1.1%
✗SleepRevenue rising; gross margin flat or falling; operating margin holding
5-year Revenue CAGR-4.0%
✗SleepCAGR > 7%
3-5 Year Diluted EPS CAGR
✗Neff7%-20% annualized
Efficiency0% pass✓ 1✗ 10▾
No clean pass — all 8 investors flag at least one efficiency criterion
Current Ratio
✗Graham>= 2.0
ROIC (3-5 yr avg)3.7%
✗Buffett> 10%
ROIC - WACC-6.3%
✗BuffettPositive (WACC = 10%)
EBIT / (NWC + Net Fixed Assets)
✗Greenblatt> 25%
Current Ratio Change YoY
✗PiotroskiIncreased YoY
Revenue / Total Assets Change YoY0.25x -> 0.29x
✓PiotroskiImproved YoY
Current Assets / Current Liabilities
✗Dreman> 1.5
Return on Invested Capital-0.3%
✗Munger> 15%
ROIC (high and growing)FY2022: ROIC=8.8%; FY2023: ROIC=2.5%; FY2024: ROIC=-0.3%
✗AkreLatest 3 consecutive FYs: ROIC > 15% in each
Reinvestment Rate x ROICN/A (non-positive net income)
✗AkreReinvestment Rate * ROIC > 10%
ROIC (5-year)0/5 years above 12% (latest -0.3%)
✗SleepROIC > 12% in a majority of years
Valuation models0% pass✗ 6▾
VOD overvalued: all 6 models price fair value below $15.37 (median $1.81)
Buffett fair value$1.13
✗Buffett-1260.2% margin vs $15.37
Greenblatt fair value$1.94
✗Greenblatt-692.3% margin vs $15.37
Dreman fair value$1.69
✗Dreman-809.5% margin vs $15.37
Munger fair value$4.55
✗Munger-237.8% margin vs $15.37
Pabrai fair value$0.34
✗Pabrai-4420.6% margin vs $15.37
Ackman fair value$5.19
✗Ackman-196.1% margin vs $15.37
Verdicts6% pass✓ 1✗ 15▾
Split decision: 15 FAIL · 1 PASS
Overall verdict
✗GrahamFAIL (1/9)✗BuffettFAIL (2/9)✗LynchFAIL (0/7)•GreenblattNot ranked✓PiotroskiPASS (F-Score 5)✗DremanFAIL (2/11)✗MungerFAIL (1/4)✗PabraiFAIL (1/3)✗AkreFAIL (0/6)✗MarksFAIL (1/5)✗AckmanFAIL (2/9)✗TempletonFAIL (2/8)✗SleepFAIL (2/6)✗AsnessFAIL (Rank #1246/2370 (Top 52.6%))✗NeffFAIL (2/6)✗SchlossFAIL (1/7)✗OshaughnessyFAIL (Rank #109/963 (Top 11.3%))
Valuation8% pass✓ 3✗ 25▾
12 of 13 flag VOD's valuation — Graham, Lynch, Greenblatt +9 more
Price / 3-yr avg EPS136.6x
✗Graham<= 15x
Price-to-Book Ratio7.0x
✗Graham<= 1.5x
P/E x P/B961.60
✗Graham<= 22.5
Basic earnings-growth PEG (dividends excluded)
✗Lynch< 1.0 (ideally < 0.5)
EBIT / Enterprise Value-0.5%
✗Greenblatt> 10%
Earnings Yield + ROC AssessmentEY=-0.5%, ROC=None
✗GreenblattBoth EY > 10% and ROC > 25%
Price / EPS
✗Dreman< 12x✗Templeton< 12x (fixed ceiling; proxy for the market's cheapest 40%)
Price / (CFO / Shares)24.2x
✗Dreman< 8x
Price / Book Value per Share7.0x
✗Dreman< 1.2x✗Templeton< 1.5x✗SchlossP/B <= 0.80x (app cutoff)
Valuation ReasonablenessOE Yield=0.6%
✗MungerP/E < 25 or Owner Earnings Yield > 5%
P/E or FCF YieldFCF Yield=33.6%
✓PabraiP/E < 15 or FCF Yield > 10%
P/B or P/E vs. Historical AverageP/B=7.0x
✗MarksP/E < 15 or P/B < 2.0
Discount to Intrinsic Value-810.7% (IV=$1.69 vs Price=$15.37)
✗Marks>= 20% below intrinsic value
Price / FCF per Share33.6x
✗Ackman<= 25
Price vs. Trailing Low180% of trailing low ($8.54)
✗Templeton<= 120% of trailing low (certified split-adjusted live window)
Net income / market capitalization-12.67%; #4295/6340 (top 67.7%)
✗AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section✗OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section
Positive book equity / market capitalization+1.6032; #837/6449 (top 13.0%)
✓AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section
Price / Diluted EPS
✗NeffP/E <= 15x (app proxy for a P/E 40%-60% below the market)
(EPS CAGR % + Dividend Yield %) / P/E
✗Neff> 0.7 (Neff's published traditional edge)
Price / Tangible Book Value per Share19.23x
✗SchlossP/TBV <= 1.00x (app cutoff)
Book Value per Share Change-12.2%
✗SchlossLatest BVPS >= earliest BVPS over >= 3 years (app rule)
Revenue / market capitalization+1.1383; #1636/5247 (top 31.2%)
✗OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section
(Operating cash flow - capex) / market capitalization+33.58%; #163/4519 (top 3.6%)
✓OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section
Trailing six-month price return through the evaluation date+2.74%; #2329/6202 (top 37.6%)
✗OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section

Business & financials

Financial snapshot: annual FY 2024. Current investor scores may use newer quarterly data.

Company Profile

Industry: Communication

SIC Sector: Communications

Size: Large Cap($35.6B)

Revenue: $40.5B+2.3% YoY

Net Income: $4.5B-466.7% YoY

Financial Snapshot

Operating Margin-1.1%

Return on Equity-7.9%

Debt / Equity1.01

Current Ratio--

EPS (Diluted)$-0.17−90.2% 1y

Buybacks (1y)$2.0B

Buybacks (2y)$2.0B

Shares Retired3.4% / 5.5% 2y

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Shareholder Return

Fiscal 2024

Retired 3.4% of shares last year, 5.5% over two.

Buybacks: $2.0B
Dividends: $2.2B

What drove EPS

A buyback raises earnings per share without the company earning more. This splits each year's change into the two.

FY21

−82.0% = 3509.8% + −99.5%

FY22

480.7% = 417.0% + 12.3%

FY23

−90.2% = −90.5% + 2.3%

Earnings Fewer shares More shares

The two parts do not sum exactly to the total — the difference is the cross-term, plus preferred capital where the company has any. It is left visible rather than distributed into the other two.

Share count is the denominator the filer used for diluted EPS, recovered as net income ÷ EPS — not the balance-sheet count, which is a point-in-time figure and would put the timing difference into this split. Years with a loss are omitted: a smaller share count makes a loss per share larger, so the decomposition inverts.

Company Financials

Latest TTM and quarters alongside annual years

TTM sums four consecutive quarters and uses the latest quarter-end balances. Quarter columns show three-month results; annual columns show full-year totals. Growth compares the same period a year earlier. EPS is not added for TTM; full-year ratios are blank for quarters.

Metric	FY 2024 Sources 20-F · 2025-06-06	FY 2023 Sources 20-F · 2024-06-14	FY 2022 Sources 20-F · 2023-06-21	FY 2021 Sources 20-F · 2022-06-16	FY 2020 Sources 20-F · 2021-06-23
Market Cap	$35.6Bcurrent	$201.7Best.	$250.4Best.	$369.6Best.	$337.6Best.
Revenue	$40.5B↑2%	$39.6B↓4%	$41.1B↓1%	$41.3B↓20%	$51.4B
Operating Income	-$444.9M↓111%	$4.0B↓75%	$15.8B↑146%	$6.4B↑7%	$6.0B
Net Income	-$4.5B↓467%	$1.2B↓90%	$12.9B↑417%	$2.5B↑3510%	$69.2M
EPS (Diluted)	$-0.17↓481%	$0.05↓90%	$0.46↑481%	$0.08↓82%	$0.45
Gross Margin	33.4%	33.4%↓6%	35.3%	35.3%↑13%	31.3%
Operating Margin	-1.1%↓111%	10.0%↓74%	38.4%↑147%	15.5%↑32%	11.7%
ROE	-7.9%↓516%	1.9%↓90%	18.7%↑357%	4.1%↑3762%	0.1%
Total Debt	$57.5B↓6%	$61.5B↓15%	$72.4B↓7%	$78.2B↓2%	$79.4B
Shareholders' Equity	$57.1B↓12%	$64.7B↓6%	$69.1B↑13%	$61.1B↓7%	$65.4B
Current Ratio	—	—	0.89↑8%	0.82↓13%	0.94
Debt / Equity	1.01↑6%	0.95↓9%	1.05↓18%	1.28↑5%	1.21
Operating Cash Flow	$16.6B↓7%	$17.9B↓9%	$19.7B↓2%	$20.2B	$20.2B
Free Cash Flow	$12.0B↓10%	$13.3B↓7%	$14.3B↓5%	$15.1B↑9%	$13.8B

Score history

Historical Score Timeline

Industry peers

Industry Peers

Similar companies in Communication

VOD vs Peers — Financial Grading

Revenue$40.5BMedian

Net Income$4.5BBottom 25%

ROE-7.9%Bottom 25%

D/E1.01Top 25%

Op. Margin-1.1%Bottom 25%

Curr. Ratio—

Company	Market Cap	Price	Revenue	Net Income	ROE	D/E	Op. Margin	Curr. Ratio	Graham	Buffett	Lynch	Greenblatt	Piotroski	Dreman
VERIZON COMMUNICATIONS INCVZ	$192.1B	$46.36	$138.2B	$17.2B	16.2%	1.50	21.2%	0.91	4/9	3/9	2/7	1/3	F-Score 5	6/11
AT&T INC.T	$149.4B	$22.18	$125.6B	$22.0B	17.4%	1.08	19.2%	0.91	5/9	2/9	3/7	0/3	F-Score 6	6/11
NIPPON TELEGRAPH & TELEPHONE CORPNTTYY	$85.0B	$26.32	—	—	—	—	—	—	2/9	1/9	2/7	1/3	F-Score 7	6/11
AMERICA MOVIL SAB DE CV/AMX	$76.0B	$25.47	$42.1B	$1.1B	6.2%	1.54	20.7%	0.72	1/9	5/9	1/7	1/3	F-Score 6	2/11
CHARTER COMMUNICATIONS, INC. /MO/CHTR	$24.8B	$138.39	$54.8B	$5.0B	31.1%	5.90	23.6%	0.39	4/9	3/9	3/7	0/3	F-Score 6	5/11
BCE INCBCE	$20.0B	$21.43	$17.9B	$4.8B	28.3%	1.52	—	0.58	4/9	1/9	5/7	1/3	F-Score 6	9/11
ROGERS COMMUNICATIONS INCRCI	$18.0B	$33.24	$15.9B	$5.0B	38.8%	2.25	45.2%	0.61	5/9	5/9	5/7	1/3	F-Score 4	8/11
Tencent Music Entertainment GroupTME	$14.7B	$9.05	$3.9B	$910.4M	9.8%	—	30.7%	2.09	2/9	2/9	1/7	1/3	F-Score 7	3/11