zSpace, Inc.

ZSPC

zSpace, Inc. provides augmented and virtual reality educational technology solutions for K-12 schools, and career and technical education markets in the United States and internationally.

About the company

zSpace, Inc. provides augmented and virtual reality educational technology solutions for K-12 schools, and career and technical education markets in the United States and internationally.

Country: United StatesPrice: $0.08Market Cap: $3.1M

Investment snapshot

0%positive consensus

Scored 1d ago

Positive

BUY / PASS

Neutral / negative

2 / 14

NEUTRAL / FAIL

Median fair value

$0.15

+78.6% vs price

Models with upside

2 / 17

Positive margin of safety

Strongest signal

ZSPC undervalued: all 2 models price fair value above $0.08 (median $0.15)

Key risk

No clean pass — all 16 investors flag at least one profitability criterion

Framework analysis

Verdict	Meaning
BUY	Positive purchase signal: the framework's buy requirements are met.
PASS	The company clears the framework's checklist or screen, but the framework does not produce a buy signal. For valuation frameworks this often means margin of safety is missing, insufficient, or unavailable; some screen-only frameworks have no intrinsic-value BUY state.
NEUTRAL	Neither a positive nor negative conclusion. It does not mean to hold an existing position.
FAIL	The company does not clear the framework's requirements.
Ranked	Ranked strategies do not use PASS: selected cohort is BUY, outside the cohort is FAIL, and unranked is NEUTRAL.

Current investor scores use trailing 12-month flows and the latest balance sheet where supported. Multi-year and EPS tests retain annual history; each framework shows its financial basis below. Intrinsic values use annual financials.

Metric	Graham Defensive Value	Buffett Quality Compounder	Lynch GARP	Greenblatt Magic Formula	Piotroski F-Score	Dreman Contrarian Value	Munger Quality Focus	Pabrai Dhandho Framework	Akre Three-Legged Stool	Marks Risk-Aware Value	Ackman Activist Value	Templeton Global Bargain Hunter	Sleep Scale Economies Shared	Asness Systematic Factors	Neff Low-P/E Total Return	Schloss Asset-Value Discipline	O'Shaughnessy Systematic Factor Composite
Verdict	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL	Not ranked	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL	NEUTRAL	FAIL	FAIL	NEUTRAL
Score
Analysis	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…	Checking access…
Intrinsic Value (annual)	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A		N/A	N/A	N/A		N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Margin of Safety	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	+44.0%	N/A	N/A	N/A	+44.0%	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Financial Basis	TTM ended 2026-06-30 · Balance sheet at 2026-06-30 · Annual history · FY 2025 Latest source filing: 2026-08-14 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 · TTM ended 2026-06-30 Latest source filing: 2026-08-14 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 · Balance sheet at 2026-06-30 · TTM ended 2026-06-30 Latest source filing: 2026-08-14 Score computed: 2026-11-14	TTM ended 2026-06-30 Latest source filing: 2026-08-14 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 Latest source filing: 2026-03-30 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 · TTM ended 2026-06-30 · Balance sheet at 2026-06-30 · Market data at 2026-11-01 Latest source filing: 2026-08-14 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Qualitative assessment · Annual history · FY 2025 · TTM ended 2026-06-30 · Balance sheet at 2026-06-30 Latest source filing: 2026-08-14 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Qualitative assessment · Annual history · FY 2025 Latest source filing: 2026-03-30 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 · Qualitative assessment · Balance sheet at 2026-06-30 Latest source filing: 2026-08-14 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 · Qualitative assessment Latest source filing: 2026-03-30 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 · TTM ended 2026-06-30 · Balance sheet at 2026-06-30 · Market data at 2026-11-01 Latest source filing: 2026-08-14 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 · Price history 2025-01-01–2026-11-01 · Balance sheet at 2026-06-30 Latest source filing: 2026-08-14 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 · Qualitative assessment Latest source filing: 2026-03-30 Score computed: 2026-11-14	TTM ended 2026-06-30 · Balance sheet at 2026-06-30 · Price history 2025-01-01–2026-11-01 · Annual history · FY 2025 Latest source filing: 2026-08-14 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 Latest source filing: 2026-03-30 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 · Balance sheet at 2026-06-30 Latest source filing: 2026-08-14 Score computed: 2026-11-14	TTM ended 2026-06-30 · Annual history · FY 2025 · Price history 2025-01-01–2026-11-01 Latest source filing: 2026-08-14 Score computed: 2026-11-14

Where It Passes

Valuation models100% pass✓ 2▾
ZSPC undervalued: all 2 models price fair value above $0.08 (median $0.15)
Dreman fair value$0.15
✓Dreman+44.0% margin vs $0.08
Marks fair value$0.15
✓Marks+44.0% margin vs $0.08

Where It Falls Short

Profitability0% pass✓ 4✗ 31▾
No clean pass — all 16 investors flag at least one profitability criterion
Positive EPS (10 years)1/3 years positive
✗GrahamPositive EPS every year for 10 years
EPS Growth (3-yr avg, 10-yr window)
✗Graham>= 33% growth
Net Income Positive (10+ years)0/3 years positive
✗BuffettPositive every year for 10+ years
ROE (up to 5-year arithmetic mean)
✗Buffett> 15% arithmetic mean (app rule)
Operating Margin (10-yr trend)
✗BuffettStable or rising over 10 years
Free Cash Flow Proxy
✗BuffettPositive and growing
Earnings Variance (10-yr CoV)
✗BuffettCoV < 0.3
Retained Earnings Effectiveness
✗Buffett$1 retained -> > $1 market value created
Basic earnings-growth PEG (dividends excluded)
✗Lynch< 1.0 (ideally < 0.5)
3-5 Year EPS CAGR
✗Lynch15-30% (Fast Grower); > 0% to pass
ROEN/A (negative equity)
✗Lynch> 15%
EBIT / Enterprise Value-168.8%
✗Greenblatt> 10%
Earnings Yield + ROC AssessmentEY=-168.8%, ROC=N/A (invested capital <= 0)
✗GreenblattBoth EY > 10% and ROC > 25%
Net Income / Total Assets-334.67%
✗PiotroskiROA > 0
ROA Change YoY-153.88% -> -334.67% (delta: -180.79%)
✗PiotroskiCurrent ROA > Prior ROA
(CFO / Total Assets) vs ROACFO/Assets=-236.87%, ROA=-334.67%
✓PiotroskiCFO/Assets > ROA
Gross Margin Change YoY40.9% -> 47.6%
✓PiotroskiImproved YoY
Pre-Tax Income / Revenue-81.2%
✗Dreman>= 8%
Net Income / Shareholders' Equity
✗Dreman> 12%
Margin of Safety
✗PabraiP/B < 1.5 or P/E < 15
Return on Equity
✗AkreROE > 20% (3-year avg)
Discount to Intrinsic Value44.0% (IV=$0.15 vs Price=$0.08)
✓Marks>= 20% below intrinsic value
Positive Net Income Frequency0/2 years positive
✗MarksPositive net income in >= 7 of last 10 years
Operating Income / Revenue-69.6%
✗Ackman>= 15%
Net Income / Shareholders Equity
✗Ackman>= 15%
5-Year EPS CAGR
✗Templeton> 0% (5-year EPS CAGR)
Operating Margin Trend
✗TempletonNon-negative operating-margin trend over 3 years
Revenue growth vs. gross and operating margin trend
✗SleepRevenue rising; gross margin flat or falling; operating margin holding
Net income / market capitalization-633.43%; #5970/6340 (top 94.2%)
✗AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section✗OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section
Gross profit / total assets+153.49%; #56/3702 (top 1.5%)
✓AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section
Net income / positive book equity
✗AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section
Negative 5-year standard deviation of ROA
✗AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section
3-5 Year Diluted EPS CAGR
✗Neff7%-20% annualized
Positive Diluted-EPS Years
✗Schloss>= 70% positive over 5-10 observed years (app rule)
Debt & Leverage0% pass✗ 15▾
All 12 investors flag ZSPC's debt & leverage
LT Debt vs Net Current AssetsLT Debt $5.6M vs NCA $-3.4M
✗GrahamLT Debt <= Net Current Assets
Debt/Equity & Interest CoverageD/E: N/A (negative equity), IC: -13.4x
✗BuffettD/E < 0.5 AND Interest Coverage > 5x
Total Debt / EquityN/A (negative equity)
✗Lynch< 0.33
Cash - Long-term Debt$-5.4M
✗LynchPositive preferred
LT Debt / Total Assets Change45.75% -> 133.26%
✗PiotroskiDecreased YoY
Current Assets / Current Liabilities0.69
✗Dreman> 1.5✗SchlossCurrent ratio >= 1.50x (app cutoff)
Total Debt / Shareholders' Equity
✗Dreman< 0.8✗Templeton< 1.0 (fixed cap; proxy for below-sector-median leverage)✗SchlossD/E < 1.00x
Debt LevelsN/A (non-positive equity)
✗MungerDebt/Equity < 0.5✗AkreDebt/Equity < 0.3
Interest Coverage & Debt/EBITDAIC=-38.2x, D/EBITDA=N/A (D&A unavailable)
✗MarksInterest Coverage > 3x; Debt/EBITDA < 4x
Total Debt / Shareholders Equity
✗Ackman<= 1.0
Negative debt-to-equity (higher means less debt)
✗AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section
Valuation0% pass✓ 4✗ 24▾
No clean pass — all 13 investors flag at least one valuation criterion
Price / 3-yr avg EPS8.4x
✓Graham<= 15x
Price-to-Book Ratio
✗Graham<= 1.5x
P/E x P/B
✗Graham<= 22.5
Basic earnings-growth PEG (dividends excluded)
✗Lynch< 1.0 (ideally < 0.5)
EBIT / Enterprise Value-168.8%
✗Greenblatt> 10%
Earnings Yield + ROC AssessmentEY=-168.8%, ROC=N/A (invested capital <= 0)
✗GreenblattBoth EY > 10% and ROC > 25%
Price / EPS
✗Dreman< 12x✗Templeton< 12x (fixed ceiling; proxy for the market's cheapest 40%)
Price / (CFO / Shares)N/A (negative CFPS)
✗Dreman< 8x
Price / Book Value per ShareN/A (negative BVPS)
✗Dreman< 1.2x✗Templeton< 1.5x✗SchlossP/B <= 0.80x (app cutoff)
Valuation Reasonableness
✗MungerP/E < 25 or Owner Earnings Yield > 5%
P/E or FCF Yield
✗PabraiP/E < 15 or FCF Yield > 10%
P/B or P/E vs. Historical Average
✗MarksP/E < 15 or P/B < 2.0
Discount to Intrinsic Value44.0% (IV=$0.15 vs Price=$0.08)
✓Marks>= 20% below intrinsic value
Price / FCF per Share
✗Ackman<= 25
Price vs. Trailing Low114% of trailing low ($0.07)
✓Templeton<= 120% of trailing low (certified split-adjusted live window)
Net income / market capitalization-633.43%; #5970/6340 (top 94.2%)
✗AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section✗OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section
Positive book equity / market capitalization-4.2345; #6214/6449 (top 96.4%)
✗AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section
Price / Diluted EPS
✗NeffP/E <= 15x (app proxy for a P/E 40%-60% below the market)
(EPS CAGR % + Dividend Yield %) / P/E
✗Neff> 0.7 (Neff's published traditional edge)
Price / Tangible Book Value per ShareN/A (non-positive TBVPS)
✗SchlossP/TBV <= 1.00x (app cutoff)
Book Value per Share Change
✗SchlossLatest BVPS >= earliest BVPS over >= 3 years (app rule)
Revenue / market capitalization+7.8000; #385/5247 (top 7.3%)
✓OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section
(Operating cash flow - capex) / market capitalization
✗OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section
Trailing six-month price return through the evaluation date+13.98%; #1639/6202 (top 26.4%)
✗OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section
Cash Flow0% pass✓ 1✗ 11▾
No clean pass — all 10 investors flag at least one cash flow criterion
Free Cash Flow Proxy
✗BuffettPositive and growing
FCF Positive and Growing
✗LynchPositive and growing
Operating Cash Flow$-18.0M
✗PiotroskiCFO > 0
(CFO / Total Assets) vs ROACFO/Assets=-236.87%, ROA=-334.67%
✓PiotroskiCFO/Assets > ROA
Price / (CFO / Shares)N/A (negative CFPS)
✗Dreman< 8x
P/E or FCF Yield
✗PabraiP/E < 15 or FCF Yield > 10%
FCF Positive
✗MarksPositive FCF in majority of recent years
(OCF - CapEx) / Market Cap
✗Ackman>= 4%
Price / FCF per Share
✗Ackman<= 25
Positive Operating Cash Flow frequency0/2 years positive
✗SleepPositive OCF in >= 70% of available years
Operating Cash Flow - Capital Expenditures
✗Neff> $0 (app proxy for a strong fundamental case)
(Operating cash flow - capex) / market capitalization
✗OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section
Growth0% pass✗ 13▾
All 8 investors flag ZSPC's growth
EPS Growth (3-yr avg, 10-yr window)
✗Graham>= 33% growth
Basic earnings-growth PEG (dividends excluded)
✗Lynch< 1.0 (ideally < 0.5)
3-5 Year EPS CAGR
✗Lynch15-30% (Fast Grower); > 0% to pass
Inventory Growth vs Revenue GrowthInv: -25.8% vs Rev: -26.9%
✗LynchInventory growth < Revenue growth
EPS Growth Direction
✗DremanPositive over recent years
EPS CAGR
✗Dreman> 5% annualized
Positive Net Income Frequency0/2 years positive
✗MarksPositive net income in >= 7 of last 10 years
3yr Median Revenue Growth-26.9%
✗Ackman>= 5%
Positive EPS Growth Frequency0/1 years with positive EPS growth
✗AckmanPositive EPS growth in >= 3 of last 5 years
5-Year EPS CAGR
✗Templeton> 0% (5-year EPS CAGR)
Revenue growth vs. gross and operating margin trend
✗SleepRevenue rising; gross margin flat or falling; operating margin holding
5-year Revenue CAGR
✗SleepCAGR > 7%
3-5 Year Diluted EPS CAGR
✗Neff7%-20% annualized
Efficiency0% pass✓ 1✗ 10▾
No clean pass — all 8 investors flag at least one efficiency criterion
Current Ratio0.69
✗Graham>= 2.0
ROIC (3-5 yr avg)
✗Buffett> 10%
ROIC - WACC
✗BuffettPositive (WACC = 10%)
EBIT / (NWC + Net Fixed Assets)N/A (invested capital <= 0)
✗Greenblatt> 25%
Current Ratio Change YoY0.62 -> 0.37
✗PiotroskiIncreased YoY
Revenue / Total Assets Change YoY2.82x -> 3.67x
✓PiotroskiImproved YoY
Current Assets / Current Liabilities0.69
✗Dreman> 1.5
Return on Invested CapitalN/A (non-positive invested capital)
✗Munger> 15%
ROIC (high and growing)FY2023: ROIC=unavailable; FY2024: ROIC=unavailable; FY2025: ROIC=unavailable
✗AkreLatest 3 consecutive FYs: ROIC > 15% in each
Reinvestment Rate x ROIC
✗AkreReinvestment Rate * ROIC > 10%
ROIC (5-year)
✗SleepROIC > 12% in a majority of years
Verdicts0% pass✗ 14▾
Split decision: 14 FAIL · 2 NEUTRAL
Overall verdict
✗GrahamFAIL (1/9)✗BuffettFAIL (0/9)✗LynchFAIL (0/7)•GreenblattNot ranked✗PiotroskiFAIL (F-Score 3)✗DremanFAIL (0/11)✗MungerFAIL (1/4)✗PabraiFAIL (0/3)✗AkreFAIL (0/6)✗MarksFAIL (1/5)✗AckmanFAIL (0/9)✗TempletonFAIL (2/8)✗SleepFAIL (0/6)•AsnessNEUTRAL (Not ranked)✗NeffFAIL (0/6)✗SchlossFAIL (0/7)•OshaughnessyNEUTRAL (Not ranked)

Business & financials

Financial snapshot: annual FY 2025. Current investor scores may use newer quarterly data.

Company Profile

Industry: Business Services

Size: Micro Cap($3.1M)

Revenue: $27.9M-26.9% YoY

Net Income: $25.4M-21.9% YoY

Financial Snapshot

Operating Margin-79.5%

Return on Equity112.8%

Debt / Equity-0.79

Current Ratio0.37

EPS (Diluted)$-1.01

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Company Financials

Latest TTM and quarters alongside annual years

TTM sums four consecutive quarters and uses the latest quarter-end balances. Quarter columns show three-month results; annual columns show full-year totals. Growth compares the same period a year earlier. EPS is not added for TTM; full-year ratios are blank for quarters.

The latest annual period end is unavailable. Showing the latest fiscal cycle’s quarters; quarter and annual columns may overlap. Quarterly shows the full quarter history.

Metric	TTM · 2026-09-30 2025-10-01 – 2026-09-30 Sources · derived quarter values 10-K · 2026-03-30 10-Q · 2026-05-15 10-Q · 2026-08-14 10-Q · 2026-11-13 Derived from cumulative filings: revenue, net income, operating income, gross profit, ebit, pre tax income, interest expense, operating cash flow.	Q3 FY 2026 2026-07-01 – 2026-09-30 Sources · derived quarter values 10-Q · 2026-11-13 Derived from cumulative filings: operating cash flow.	Q2 FY 2026 2026-04-01 – 2026-06-30 Sources · derived quarter values 10-Q · 2026-08-14 Derived from cumulative filings: operating cash flow.	Q1 FY 2026 2026-01-01 – 2026-03-31 Sources 10-Q · 2026-05-15	FY 2025 Sources 10-K · 2026-03-30	FY 2024 Sources 10-K · 2026-03-30	FY 2023 Sources 10-K · 2026-03-30
Market Cap	$3.1Mcurrent	--	--	--	$13.5Mest.	$403.3Mest.	--
Revenue	$19.1M	$3.6M↓59%	$5.4M↓28%	$5.3M↓22%	$27.9M↓27%	$38.1M	--
Operating Income	-$16.5M	-$4.4M↑8%	-$2.5M↑60%	-$3.9M↑27%	-$22.1M↓25%	-$17.7M	--
Net Income	-$14.8M	-$1.2M↑80%	$288.0K↑105%	-$6.6M↓12%	-$25.4M↓22%	-$20.8M	--
EPS (Diluted)	--	$-0.03↑88%	$0.01↑104%	$-4.70↓1708%	$-1.01↓198%	$1.03	--
Gross Margin	54.5%	60.8%↑19%	56.4%↑33%	53.1%↑12%	47.6%↑16%	40.9%	—
Operating Margin	-86.6%	-123.0%↓126%	-47.0%↑45%	-74.9%↑6%	-79.5%↓71%	-46.3%	—
ROE	114.6%	—	—	—	112.8%↓20%	141.8%	—
Total Debt	$5.7M	$5.7M↓69%	$7.0M↓61%	$20.3M↑56%	$17.7M↑82%	$9.8M	--
Shareholders' Equity	-$12.9M	-$12.9M↑34%	-$13.2M↑41%	-$25.4M↓29%	-$22.5M↓53%	-$14.7M↑89%	-$130.5M
Current Ratio	0.50	0.50↓26%	0.69↑18%	0.72↑47%	0.37↓39%	0.62	—
Debt / Equity	-0.44	-0.44↑53%	-0.53↑34%	-0.80↓21%	-0.79↓19%	-0.66	—
Operating Cash Flow	-$8.8M	$110.0K↑104%	-$2.0M↑72%	-$3.0M↑35%	-$18.0M↓102%	-$8.9M	--
Free Cash Flow	--	--	--	--	--	--	--

Score history

Historical Score Timeline

Industry peers

Industry Peers

Similar companies in Business Services

ZSPC vs Peers — Financial Grading

Revenue$27.9MBottom 25%

Net Income$25.4MMedian

ROE112.8%Top 25%

D/E-0.79Top 25%

Op. Margin-79.5%Bottom 25%

Curr. Ratio0.37Bottom 25%

Company	Market Cap	Price	Revenue	Net Income	ROE	D/E	Op. Margin	Curr. Ratio	Graham	Buffett	Lynch	Greenblatt	Piotroski	Dreman
AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING INCADP	$122.3B	$309.93	$21.9B	$4.4B	73.2%	0.82	24.2%	1.05	4/9	5/9	3/7	0/3	F-Score 6	5/11
ELECTRONIC ARTS INC.EA	$52.9B	$209.70	$7.5B	$887.0M	13.1%	0.22	15.4%	1.05	1/9	4/9	4/7	0/3	F-Score 6	6/11
Rubrik, Inc.RBRK	$22.6B	$109.88	$1.3B	$348.8M	67.1%	—	-26.2%	1.69	1/9	0/9	2/7	0/3	F-Score 6	2/11
AECOMACM	$9.1B	$70.50	$16.1B	$561.8M	22.5%	1.09	6.4%	1.14	1/9	3/9	3/7	1/3	F-Score 8	2/11
COMMVAULT SYSTEMS INCCVLT	$6.2B	$152.07	$1.2B	$70.7M	942.8%	—	6.3%	1.95	1/9	2/9	4/7	0/3	F-Score 6	6/11
WPP plcWPP	$6.0B	$27.79	$18.2B	$289.5M	-8.5%	1.94	2.8%	0.89	1/9	2/9	1/7	0/3	F-Score 3	2/11
VARONIS SYSTEMS INCVRNS	$5.6B	$48.94	$623.5M	$129.3M	-21.6%	0.76	-23.5%	1.97	1/9	0/9	1/7	0/3	F-Score 5	1/11
ROBERT HALF INC.RHI	$4.3B	$42.00	$5.4B	$133.0M	10.4%	—	1.4%	1.53	2/9	5/9	1/7	0/3	F-Score 5	2/11