PRUDENTIAL PLC

PUK

Prudential plc, through its subsidiaries, provides life and health insurance, and asset management solutions to individuals in Asia and Africa. It offers savings and investments products; and wealth, health, and protection products. The company was founded in 1848 and is headquartered in Central, Hong Kong.

About the company

Country: United KingdomPrice: $25.57Market Cap: $31.2B

Investment snapshot

19%positive consensus

Scored 1d ago

Positive

BUY / PASS

Neutral / negative

4 / 9

NEUTRAL / FAIL

Median fair value

$15.74

-38.4% vs price

Models with upside

0 / 16

Positive margin of safety

Key risk

All 4 investors flag PUK's efficiency

Framework analysis

Verdict	Meaning
BUY	Positive purchase signal: the framework's buy requirements are met.
PASS	The company clears the framework's checklist or screen, but the framework does not produce a buy signal. For valuation frameworks this often means margin of safety is missing, insufficient, or unavailable; some screen-only frameworks have no intrinsic-value BUY state.
NEUTRAL	Neither a positive nor negative conclusion. It does not mean to hold an existing position.
FAIL	The company does not clear the framework's requirements.
Ranked	Ranked strategies do not use PASS: selected cohort is BUY, outside the cohort is FAIL, and unranked is NEUTRAL.

Current investor scores use trailing 12-month flows and the latest balance sheet where supported. Multi-year and EPS tests retain annual history; each framework shows its financial basis below. Intrinsic values use annual financials.

Metric	Graham Defensive Value	Buffett Quality Compounder	Lynch GARP	Piotroski F-Score	Dreman Contrarian Value	Munger Quality Focus	Pabrai Dhandho Framework	Akre Three-Legged Stool	Marks Risk-Aware Value	Ackman Activist Value	Templeton Global Bargain Hunter	Sleep Scale Economies Shared	Asness Systematic Factors	Neff Low-P/E Total Return	Schloss Asset-Value Discipline	O'Shaughnessy Systematic Factor Composite
Verdict	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL	PASS	PASS	PASS	FAIL	FAIL	FAIL	NEUTRAL	FAIL	NEUTRAL	NEUTRAL	FAIL	FAIL	NEUTRAL
Score
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Intrinsic Value (annual)				N/A		N/A				N/A		N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Margin of Safety	-54.9%	-45.3%	-23.7%	N/A	-70.8%	N/A	-127.9%	-40.1%	-157.4%	N/A	-360.7%	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A	N/A
Financial Basis	Annual history · FY 2025 Latest source filing: 2026-03-26 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 Latest source filing: 2026-03-26 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 Latest source filing: 2026-03-26 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 Latest source filing: 2026-03-26 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 · Market data at 2026-11-01 Latest source filing: 2026-03-26 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Qualitative assessment · Annual history · FY 2025 Latest source filing: 2026-03-26 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Qualitative assessment · Annual history · FY 2025 Latest source filing: 2026-03-26 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 · Qualitative assessment Latest source filing: 2026-03-26 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 · Qualitative assessment Latest source filing: 2026-03-26 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 · Market data at 2026-11-01 Latest source filing: 2026-03-26 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 · Price history 2025-01-01–2026-11-01 Latest source filing: 2026-03-26 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 · Qualitative assessment Latest source filing: 2026-03-26 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 · Price history 2025-01-01–2026-11-01 Latest source filing: 2026-03-26 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 Latest source filing: 2026-03-26 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 Latest source filing: 2026-03-26 Score computed: 2026-11-14	Annual history · FY 2025 · Price history 2025-01-01–2026-11-01 Latest source filing: 2026-03-26 Score computed: 2026-11-14

Where It Passes

Where It Falls Short

Efficiency0% pass✗ 5▾
All 4 investors flag PUK's efficiency
Revenue / Total Assets Change YoY0.06x -> 0.05x
✗PiotroskiImproved YoY
Return on Invested Capital
✗Munger> 15%
ROIC (high and growing)FY2023: ROIC=unavailable; FY2024: ROIC=unavailable; FY2025: ROIC=unavailable
✗AkreLatest 3 consecutive FYs: ROIC > 15% in each
Reinvestment Rate x ROIC
✗AkreReinvestment Rate * ROIC > 10%
ROIC (5-year)0/1 years above 12% (latest 10.2%)
✗SleepROIC > 12% in a majority of years
Valuation models0% pass✗ 8▾
PUK overvalued: all 8 models price fair value below $25.57 (median $15.74)
Graham fair value$16.51
✗Graham-54.9% margin vs $25.57
Buffett fair value$17.60
✗Buffett-45.3% margin vs $25.57
Lynch fair value$20.68
✗Lynch-23.7% margin vs $25.57
Dreman fair value$14.97
✗Dreman-70.8% margin vs $25.57
Pabrai fair value$11.22
✗Pabrai-127.9% margin vs $25.57
Akre fair value$18.25
✗Akre-40.1% margin vs $25.57
Marks fair value$9.93
✗Marks-157.4% margin vs $25.57
Templeton fair value$5.55
✗Templeton-360.7% margin vs $25.57
Valuation8% pass✓ 4✗ 22▾
11 of 12 flag PUK's valuation — Graham, Lynch, Dreman +8 more
Price / 3-yr avg EPS25.6x
✗Graham<= 15x
Price-to-Book Ratio3.2x
✗Graham<= 1.5x
P/E x P/B83.00
✗Graham<= 22.5
Basic earnings-growth PEG (dividends excluded)1.24
✗Lynch< 1.0 (ideally < 0.5)
Price / EPS16.7x
✗Dreman< 12x✗Templeton< 12x (fixed ceiling; proxy for the market's cheapest 40%)
Price / (CFO / Shares)
✗Dreman< 8x
Price / Book Value per Share3.2x
✗Dreman< 1.2x✗Templeton< 1.5x✗SchlossP/B <= 0.80x (app cutoff)
Valuation ReasonablenessP/E=16.7x, OE Yield=6.8%
✓MungerP/E < 25 or Owner Earnings Yield > 5%
P/E or FCF YieldP/E=16.7x
✗PabraiP/E < 15 or FCF Yield > 10%
P/B or P/E vs. Historical AverageP/E=16.7x, P/B=3.2x
✗MarksP/E < 15 or P/B < 2.0
Discount to Intrinsic Value-70.8% (IV=$14.97 vs Price=$25.57)
✗Marks>= 20% below intrinsic value
Price / FCF per Share
✗Ackman<= 25
Price vs. Trailing Low154% of trailing low ($16.63)
✗Templeton<= 120% of trailing low (certified split-adjusted live window)
Net income / market capitalization+12.73%; #459/6340 (top 7.2%)
✓AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section✓OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section
Positive book equity / market capitalization+0.6440; #2377/6449 (top 36.9%)
✗AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section
Price / Diluted EPS16.7x
✗NeffP/E <= 15x (app proxy for a P/E 40%-60% below the market)
(EPS CAGR % + Dividend Yield %) / P/E0.87
✓Neff> 0.7 (Neff's published traditional edge)
Price / Tangible Book Value per Share4.27x
✗SchlossP/TBV <= 1.00x (app cutoff)
Book Value per Share Change-1.3%
✗SchlossLatest BVPS >= earliest BVPS over >= 3 years (app rule)
Revenue / market capitalization+0.3678; #3036/5247 (top 57.9%)
✗OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section
(Operating cash flow - capex) / market capitalization
✗OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section
Trailing six-month price return through the evaluation date-11.09%; #3496/6202 (top 56.4%)
✗OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section
Debt & Leverage9% pass✓ 1✗ 12▾
10 of 11 flag PUK's debt & leverage — Buffett, Lynch, Dreman +7 more
Debt/Equity & Interest Coverage
✗BuffettD/E < 0.5 AND Interest Coverage > 5x
Total Debt / Equity
✗Lynch< 0.33
Cash - Long-term Debt
✗LynchPositive preferred
LT Debt / Total Assets Change0.00% -> 0.00%
✓PiotroskiDecreased YoY
Total Debt / Shareholders' Equity
✗Dreman< 0.8✗Templeton< 1.0 (fixed cap; proxy for below-sector-median leverage)✗SchlossD/E < 1.00x
Debt Levels
✗MungerDebt/Equity < 0.5✗AkreDebt/Equity < 0.3
Interest Coverage & Debt/EBITDA
✗MarksInterest Coverage > 3x; Debt/EBITDA < 4x
Total Debt / Shareholders Equity
✗Ackman<= 1.0
Negative debt-to-equity (higher means less debt)
✗AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section
Current Assets / Current Liabilities
✗SchlossCurrent ratio >= 1.50x (app cutoff)
Verdicts25% pass✓ 3✗ 9▾
Split decision: 9 FAIL · 4 NEUTRAL · 3 PASS
Overall verdict
✗GrahamFAIL (1/7)✗BuffettFAIL (1/7)✗LynchFAIL (3/6)✓PiotroskiPASS (F-Score 4)✓DremanPASS (4/10)✓MungerPASS (2/4)✗PabraiFAIL (0/3)✗AkreFAIL (1/6)✗MarksFAIL (2/5)•AckmanNEUTRAL (6/9)✗TempletonFAIL (3/8)•SleepNEUTRAL (4/6)•AsnessNEUTRAL (Not ranked)✗NeffFAIL (3/6)✗SchlossFAIL (2/7)•OshaughnessyNEUTRAL (Not ranked)
Cash Flow30% pass✓ 3✗ 9▾
7 of 10 flag PUK's cash flow — Buffett, Piotroski, Dreman +4 more
Free Cash Flow Proxy$4.4B
✗BuffettPositive and growing
FCF Positive and Growing$2.8B
✓LynchPositive and growing
Operating Cash Flow
✗PiotroskiCFO > 0
(CFO / Total Assets) vs ROA
✗PiotroskiCFO/Assets > ROA
Price / (CFO / Shares)
✗Dreman< 8x
P/E or FCF YieldP/E=16.7x
✗PabraiP/E < 15 or FCF Yield > 10%
FCF Positive4/4 years FCF positive
✓MarksPositive FCF in majority of recent years
(OCF - CapEx) / Market Cap
✗Ackman>= 4%
Price / FCF per Share
✗Ackman<= 25
Positive Operating Cash Flow frequency4/4 years positive
✓SleepPositive OCF in >= 70% of available years
Operating Cash Flow - Capital Expenditures
✗Neff> $0 (app proxy for a strong fundamental case)
(Operating cash flow - capex) / market capitalization
✗OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section
Profitability40% pass✓ 18✗ 14▾
9 of 15 flag PUK's profitability — Graham, Buffett, Lynch +6 more
Positive EPS (10 years)10/12 years positive
✗GrahamPositive EPS every year for 10 years
EPS Growth (3-yr avg, 10-yr window)-17.4%
✗Graham>= 33% growth
Net Income Positive (10+ years)9/12 years positive
✗BuffettPositive every year for 10+ years
ROE (up to 5-year arithmetic mean)5.1%
✗Buffett> 15% arithmetic mean (app rule)
Operating Margin (10-yr trend)28.8% (latest)
✓BuffettStable or rising over 10 years
Free Cash Flow Proxy$4.4B
✗BuffettPositive and growing
Earnings Variance (10-yr CoV)0.81
✗BuffettCoV < 0.3
Retained Earnings Effectiveness
✗Buffett$1 retained -> > $1 market value created
Basic earnings-growth PEG (dividends excluded)1.24
✗Lynch< 1.0 (ideally < 0.5)
3-5 Year EPS CAGR13.5%
✓Lynch15-30% (Fast Grower); > 0% to pass
ROE19.8%
✓Lynch> 15%
Net Income / Total Assets1.87%
✓PiotroskiROA > 0
ROA Change YoY1.26% -> 1.87% (delta: +0.62%)
✓PiotroskiCurrent ROA > Prior ROA
(CFO / Total Assets) vs ROA
✗PiotroskiCFO/Assets > ROA
Pre-Tax Income / Revenue44.6%
✓Dreman>= 8%
Net Income / Shareholders' Equity19.8%
✓Dreman> 12%
Margin of SafetyP/E=16.7x, P/B=3.2x
✗PabraiP/B < 1.5 or P/E < 15
Return on Equity14.1% (3-yr avg)
✗AkreROE > 20% (3-year avg)
Discount to Intrinsic Value-70.8% (IV=$14.97 vs Price=$25.57)
✗Marks>= 20% below intrinsic value
Positive Net Income Frequency9/11 years positive
✓MarksPositive net income in >= 7 of last 10 years
Operating Income / Revenue28.8%
✓Ackman>= 15%
Net Income / Shareholders Equity19.8%
✓Ackman>= 15%
5-Year EPS CAGR13.5% CAGR over 5 years
✓Templeton> 0% (5-year EPS CAGR)
Operating Margin Trend29.7% (2023) -> 28.8% (2025)
✗TempletonNon-negative operating-margin trend over 3 years
Revenue growth vs. gross and operating margin trendrevenue up, operating margin 29.7% -> 28.8%
✓SleepRevenue rising; gross margin flat or falling; operating margin holding
Net income / market capitalization+12.73%; #459/6340 (top 7.2%)
✓AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section✓OshaughnessyTop 10% of eligible cross-section
Gross profit / total assets
✗AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section
Net income / positive book equity+19.77%; #799/5226 (top 15.3%)
✓AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section
Negative 5-year standard deviation of ROA-0.0114; #917/5884 (top 15.6%)
✓AsnessTop 30% of eligible cross-section
3-5 Year Diluted EPS CAGR13.5% over 5 years
✓Neff7%-20% annualized
Positive Diluted-EPS Years9/10 years positive
✓Schloss>= 70% positive over 5-10 observed years (app rule)
Growth50% pass✓ 8✗ 4▾
4 of 8 pass — Graham, Lynch, Dreman +1 more object
EPS Growth (3-yr avg, 10-yr window)-17.4%
✗Graham>= 33% growth
Basic earnings-growth PEG (dividends excluded)1.24
✗Lynch< 1.0 (ideally < 0.5)
3-5 Year EPS CAGR13.5%
✓Lynch15-30% (Fast Grower); > 0% to pass
EPS Growth Direction$1.50 (2015) -> $1.53 (2025)
✓DremanPositive over recent years
EPS CAGR0.3% CAGR over 10 years
✗Dreman> 5% annualized
Positive Net Income Frequency9/11 years positive
✓MarksPositive net income in >= 7 of last 10 years
3yr Median Revenue Growth8.4%
✓Ackman>= 5%
Positive EPS Growth Frequency4/5 years with positive EPS growth
✓AckmanPositive EPS growth in >= 3 of last 5 years
5-Year EPS CAGR13.5% CAGR over 5 years
✓Templeton> 0% (5-year EPS CAGR)
Revenue growth vs. gross and operating margin trendrevenue up, operating margin 29.7% -> 28.8%
✓SleepRevenue rising; gross margin flat or falling; operating margin holding
5-year Revenue CAGR-12.6%
✗SleepCAGR > 7%
3-5 Year Diluted EPS CAGR13.5% over 5 years
✓Neff7%-20% annualized

Business & financials

Financial snapshot: annual FY 2025. Current investor scores may use newer quarterly data.

Company Profile

Industry: Insurance

SIC Sector: Insurance Carriers

Size: Large Cap($31.2B)

Revenue: $11.5B+7.0% YoY

Net Income: $4.0B+74.1% YoY

Financial Snapshot

Operating Margin28.8%

Return on Equity19.8%

Debt / Equity--

Current Ratio--

EPS (Diluted)$1.53+82.7% 1y

Buybacks (1y)$1.3B

Buybacks (2y)$2.1B

Shares Retired4.1% / 7.5% 2y

Similar Companies

UNHUNITEDHEALTH GROUP INC

$365.1B

PGRPROGRESSIVE CORP/OH/

$136.6B

MRSHMARSH & MCLENNAN COMPANIES, INC.

$98.8B

CILJFCHINA LIFE INSURANCE CO LTD

$85.1B

Sector-adjusted criteria: Insurer

Insurers file unclassified balance sheets with no inventory or current accounts, so those criteria are omitted rather than failed for missing data. Return-on-invested-capital tests are omitted too: float funds the balance sheet but never appears in invested capital, and the portfolio it is invested in would be subtracted as spare cash. Debt tests are kept — an insurer’s borrowings are real leverage on top of underwriting.

Shareholder Return

Fiscal 2025

Retired 4.1% of shares last year, 7.5% over two.

Buybacks: $1.3B
Dividends: $714.0M

What drove EPS

A buyback raises earnings per share without the company earning more. This splits each year's change into the two.

FY24

35.7% = 34.3% + 1.0%

FY25

82.7% = 74.1% + 5.0%

Earnings Fewer shares More shares

The two parts do not sum exactly to the total — the difference is the cross-term, plus preferred capital where the company has any. It is left visible rather than distributed into the other two.

Share count is the denominator the filer used for diluted EPS, recovered as net income ÷ EPS — not the balance-sheet count, which is a point-in-time figure and would put the timing difference into this split. Years with a loss are omitted: a smaller share count makes a loss per share larger, so the decomposition inverts.

Company Financials

Latest TTM and quarters alongside annual years

TTM sums four consecutive quarters and uses the latest quarter-end balances. Quarter columns show three-month results; annual columns show full-year totals. Growth compares the same period a year earlier. EPS is not added for TTM; full-year ratios are blank for quarters.

Metric	FY 2025 Sources 20-F · 2026-03-26	FY 2024 Sources 20-F · 2025-03-26	FY 2023 Sources 20-F · 2024-03-26	FY 2022 Sources 20-F · 2023-03-23	FY 2021 Sources 20-F · 2022-03-17
Market Cap	$31.2Bcurrent	$44.2Best.	$53.8Best.	$85.3Best.	$85.6Best.
Revenue	$11.5B↑7%	$10.7B↑10%	$9.7B↑8%	$9.0B↓61%	$23.0B
Operating Income	$3.3B↑6%	$3.1B↑8%	$2.9B↑6%	$2.7B↓16%	$3.2B
Net Income	$4.0B↑74%	$2.3B↑34%	$1.7B↑269%	-$1.0B↑51%	-$2.0B
EPS (Diluted)	$1.53↑83%	$0.84↑36%	$0.62↑70%	$0.36↑147%	$-0.78
Gross Margin	—	—	—	—	—
Operating Margin	28.8%↓1%	29.1%↓2%	29.7%↓2%	30.3%↑116%	14.0%
ROE	19.8%↑51%	13.1%↑37%	9.5%↑259%	-6.0%↑44%	-10.8%
Total Debt	--	--	--	--	$6.1B
Shareholders' Equity	$20.1B↑15%	$17.5B↓2%	$17.8B↑7%	$16.7B↓12%	$18.9B
Current Ratio	—	—	—	—	—
Debt / Equity	—	—	—	—	0.32
Operating Cash Flow	--	--	--	--	--
Free Cash Flow	--	--	--	--	--

Score history

Historical Score Timeline

Industry peers

Industry Peers

Similar companies in Insurance

PUK vs Peers — Financial Grading

Revenue$11.5BBottom 25%

Net Income$4.0BMedian

ROE19.8%Median

D/E—

Op. Margin28.8%Top 25%

Curr. Ratio—

Company	Market Cap	Price	Revenue	Net Income	ROE	D/E	Op. Margin	Curr. Ratio	Graham	Buffett	Lynch	Piotroski	Dreman
UNITEDHEALTH GROUP INCUNH	$365.1B	$407.46	$447.6B	$12.1B	12.0%	0.78	4.2%	0.79	3/7	4/7	2/6	F-Score 6	3/10
PROGRESSIVE CORP/OH/PGR	$136.6B	$235.78	$87.7B	$11.3B	37.3%	0.23	—	—	2/7	2/7	4/6	F-Score 6	8/10
MARSH & MCLENNAN COMPANIES, INC.MRSH	$98.8B	$207.78	$27.0B	$4.2B	27.2%	1.28	23.1%	1.10	3/7	3/7	2/6	F-Score 6	5/10
CHINA LIFE INSURANCE CO LTDCILJF	$85.1B	$3.01	—	—	—	—	—	—	5/7	1/7	3/6	F-Score 5	5/10
Aon plcAON	$71.8B	$338.31	$17.2B	$3.7B	39.5%	1.63	25.3%	1.11	2/7	4/7	3/6	F-Score 6	3/10
HUMANA INCHUM	$54.0B	$450.00	$129.7B	$1.2B	6.7%	0.70	2.1%	2.00	3/7	2/7	1/6	F-Score 4	4/10
SUN LIFE FINANCIAL INCSLF	$40.5B	$72.93	$30.6B	$2.6B	14.5%	0.33	—	—	3/7	3/7	2/6	F-Score 6	6/10
HARTFORD INSURANCE GROUP, INC.HIG	$36.8B	$137.48	$28.4B	$3.8B	20.2%	0.23	—	—	3/7	3/7	4/6	F-Score 7	8/10